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Does Czechia allow dual citizenship?

Yes. Since the 2014 citizenship act, Czech law allows dual and multiple citizenship in both directions: acquiring another citizenship does not take the Czech one away, and someone acquiring Czech citizenship is not asked to renounce the old one. Losing Czech citizenship happens only by your own declaration of renunciation, under narrow conditions.

Who this is for: Czech citizens taking another citizenship, foreigners naturalising or declaring as Czech, and the diaspora checking what a claim would cost them at home.

Not for: What your OTHER country allows: some states still terminate their citizenship on a voluntary acquisition elsewhere. That side of the ledger is theirs, check it before any application.

What the Czech side guarantees

The Ministry’s information site for foreigners states it in one sentence: “The law allows for the existence of dual (or multiple) citizenship.” The structure of the Act backs that up, there is simply no provision stripping citizenship for acquiring another, and the grant and declaration routes ask for no renunciation.

Losing Czech citizenship — only by your own declaration, on three conditions

By declaration of renunciation only, and only when all three conditions in § 40(1) are met at once

Czech citizens. The Act provides loss by a declaration of renunciation, available only to someone who permanently resides abroad, is not registered for permanent residence in Czechia, and is already a foreign citizen or is acquiring a foreign citizenship in connection with the renunciation. Acquiring another citizenship does not by itself take the Czech one away.

Show the Czech text

The wording the rule above was read from. It is the authoritative text, and it is in Czech.

“§ 40 odst. 1: "Státní občan České republiky pozbývá státní občanství České republiky prohlášením o vzdání se státního občanství České republiky, jestliže splňuje současně tyto podmínky: a) trvale se zdržuje v cizině, b) není v České republice přihlášen k trvalému pobytu a c) je zároveň státním občanem cizího státu, nebo žádá o nabytí cizího státního občanství a prohlášení o vzdání se státního občanství České republiky činí v souvislosti s nabytím tohoto státního občanství."”

Read from e-sbirka.gov.cz on 14 October 2026Check it yourself

Read the conditions closely: renunciation is only available abroad, without a registered Czech permanent residence, and in connection with a foreign citizenship. A Czech citizen living in Brno cannot shed citizenship by declaration even deliberately, let alone by accident.

What this means in practice

  • Naturalising abroad as a Czech citizen: your Czech citizenship continues unless you renounce it; some destination states, however, demand that renunciation as their own condition.
  • Becoming Czech by grant: no renunciation requirement on the Czech side; your original country’s law decides its own reaction.
  • Claiming by descent: the declaration adds Czech citizenship to what you hold, see citizenship by descent.
  • Children: can hold several citizenships from birth; Czech law does not force a choice at adulthood.

Dual citizens enter and leave Czechia as Czechs: use the Czech document with Czech authorities. And a dual citizen’s OTHER passport does not exempt them from duties Czech law ties to citizenship.

Quick questions

I became American in 2010 and lost Czech citizenship then. Does 2014 give it back?
Not automatically, but very possibly by declaration: losses before 1 January 2014 are exactly what the § 31 declaration routes exist for, for you or your children and grandchildren, see citizenship by descent.
Does Czechia report my naturalisation to my other country?
There is no general exchange that strips anything automatically; the risk sits in the other country’s own law and its own procedures. Check that side before you file anything anywhere.
Can Czech citizenship be revoked against my will?
The Act’s loss provision is the voluntary renunciation above. A grant obtained by fraud has its own consequences, but there is no general revocation of citizenship lawfully held.

Official sources, and when we read them

A summary to help you act in time, not legal advice. Rules change; the dates above say when each source was actually read, and the fact boxes carry their own.

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